Association of nucleotide-sequence polymorphism in the 5'‐flanking regions of bovine casein genes with casein content in cow's milk
نویسندگان
چکیده
The 5’-flanking regions (promoters) of the bovine αs1-, αs2and β-casein genes were analysed for DNA sequence variants using PCR/RFLP in Polish Red (PR) and Black-and-White (BW) cattle. The polymorphic sites occurred at positions –1084 and –186 in the promoter region of the αs2-casein gene and at –728 and –109 in the αs1and β-casein genes, respectively. These polymorphic sites were located within known potential regulatory sequences, suggesting an influence on the binding of transcription factors and expression of the bovine casein genes. Associations were found between various genotypes in the promoter region of the αs2-casein gene and αs1and β-casein genotypes, thus showing the existence of intergenic haplotypes within the bovine casein locus. Milk proteins derived from cows of varying genotypes in the casein gene promoters were analysed using SDS-PAGE and HPLC techniques. It was shown that nucleotide sequence polymorphism in the promoter region of the bovine αs2-casein gene was associated with various contents of αs2and β-casein in the milk. Bovine casein gene / 5’-flanking region / gene polymorphism / milk protein Résumé – Effet du polymorphisme de la séquence nucléotidique dans les régions 5’-noncodantes des gènes de la caséine bovine sur la teneur en caséine du lait de vache. Les variants de la séquence ADN dans les régions 5’-non codantes des gènes de caséines αs1, αs2 et β des vaches de races pie-noir et rouge polonaises ont été analysés à l’aide de la méthode PCR/RFLP. Des polymorphismes ont été constatés dans les positions –1084 et –186 de la région promotrice du gène de la caséine αs2 et dans les positions –728 et –109 des gènes de la caséine αs1 et β, respectivement. Ces sites polymorphiques ont été localisés dans les séquences régulatrices potentielles, ce qui suggére leur influence sur la liaison des facteurs de transcription et l’expression des gènes de la caséine bovine. Des associations parmi les différents génotypes dans la région promotrice du gène de la caséine αs2 et les génotypes de la caséine αs1 et β ont été établies. Cela signifie que les haplotypes préférés existent dans le locus des caséines bovines. Les protéines du lait de vache de génotypes différents dans les promoteurs du gène de la caséine ont été analysées à l’aide de la technique SDSPAGE et HPLC. Il y a été demontré que le polymorphisme de la séquence de nucléotides dans la région de promoteur du gène bovin de la caséine est lié avec les différentes teneurs en caséines αs2 et β dans le lait. Gène de la caséine bovine / région 5’-non codante / polymorphisme / protéine du lait * Corresponding author: [email protected] e 580 M. Szymanowska et al.
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